IP Addressing

IP Addressing Plan (VLSM)

Base network chosen: 192.168.100.0/24 (private network). We apply VLSM to produce efficient subnets for different functional groups (guest Wi-Fi, floor zones, server, CCTV and management).

Subnet Allocation (largest → smallest)

Subnet Name	Prefix	Network Address	Usable Host Range	Broadcast	Hosts Available
Guest Wi-Fi	/26	192.168.100.0	192.168.100.1 – 192.168.100.62	192.168.100.63	62
Floor 1 (Client PCs)	/28	192.168.100.64	192.168.100.65 – 192.168.100.78	192.168.100.79	14
Floor 2 (Client PCs)	/28	192.168.100.80	192.168.100.81 – 192.168.100.94	192.168.100.95	14
Server/Cashier	/29	192.168.100.96	192.168.100.97 – 192.168.100.102	192.168.100.103	6
CCTV/NVR	/29	192.168.100.104	192.168.100.105 – 192.168.100.110	192.168.100.111	6
Network Management	/29	192.168.100.112	192.168.100.113 – 192.168.100.118	192.168.100.119	6

Notes: Remaining addresses (192.168.100.120–192.168.100.255) are reserved for future expansion.

Subnet Calculation Examples (step-by-step)

Example 1—/26 block size calculation:
- A /26 subnet has 64 addresses (2^(32-26) = 2^6 = 64). 

 - Network 192.168.100.0/26 → addresses range 192.168.100.0–192.168.100.63. 

 - Usable hosts: .1 to .62 (64 total minus network and broadcast = 62).

Example 2—/28 block:
- /28 has block size 16 (2^(32-28)=2^4=16).  

-For network 192.168.100.64/28 → addresses 192.168.100.64–192.168.100.79. 

 - Usable hosts: .65 – .78 (14 hosts).

Suggested IP usage & DHCP

• Guest Wi-Fi: DHCP pool 192.168.100.1–192.168.100.62 (DHCP on router/AP)
• Floor PCs: Static or DHCP reservation from ranges in each floor block
• Server/Cashier: assign static addresses (e.g., 192.168.100.97)
• CCTV NVR: assign static (e.g., 192.168.100.105)
• Management devices (switches/APs): static from the management block